The list of the wealthiest historical figures gathers published estimates as to the inflation-adjusted net-worth and fortunes of the wealthiest historical figures in comparison.

Due to problems arising from different definitions of wealth, ways of measuring it, various economic models throughout history, as well as multiple other reasons—this article discusses the wealthiest people in the following separate historical periods: AntiquityMiddle Ages and modern period. Accordingly—because of the previously mentioned difficulties—it is not possible to determine the single richest person in all of history. For the modern periodwealth can be measured more or less objectively via inflation adjustmente.

For the medieval and ancient history, comparison of wealth becomes more problematic, on one hand due to the inaccuracy or unreliability of records, on the other due to the difficulty of comparing a pre-industrial economy to a modern one, and especially in the presence of absolute monarchywhere an entire kingdom or empire is considered the ruler's personal property this is also an issue in early modern to modern period, e.

Davidson lists Joseph Stalin among The 10 Richest People of All Time for his "complete control of a nation with 9. Marcus Licinius Crassus and Musa I of Mali are considered the wealthiest people in Antiquity and Middle Agesrespectively. Excluding monarchs and autocratsthe wealthiest private individual in the history of capitalism is variously identified as Jakob Fugger diedof the early modern Fugger family of merchants and bankers, [4] and early 20th-century American entrepreneurs Andrew Carnegie died [5] and John D.

While the Rothschild family rose to the status of the wealthiest family of bankers in the 19th century, their wealth was distributed among a number of family members, preventing them from appearing among the wealthiest individuals.

Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie and Cornelius Vanderbilt ; Henry Ford was ranked only 12th.

Listed individuals have the lowest net worth estimate of at least billion in USD. Therefore, it excludes figures such as Andrew W. MellonRichard B. MellonStephen Van RensselaerA. StewartHeshenJ.

John D. Rockefeller - Facts & Summary - nibexyxuro.web.fc2.com

Morganand others. Absolute rulers or conquerors are sometimes listed for the territory they controlled rather than for their immediate personal wealth Davidson for TIME. For Classical Antiquityeven more than for the High Middle Agesthe definition of personal wealth becomes difficult to compare with the modern period; especially in the case of divine kingswhere an entire empire might be considered the personal property of a deified emperor.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Rockefeller was the richest person. Only the Rothschild family, at their peak in the 19th century the most powerful family of bankers, came close to such a figure. The Scottish immigrant sold his company, U. That sum equates to about slightly over 2.

Richest Men of All Time inStash, August 31,apparently this is not his personal net worth but the wealth of the Rothschild family combined. In50 million pounds would be equivalent to 32 billion pounds today []. A Brief but Affectionate History p. Bettencourt ranks at 6 in this list, after five ancient rulers and monarchs of the Middle Ages and early modern period.

Empress Wu ranks at 1 in this list, Catherine the Great at 3, and Isabella of Castile at 5. Retrieved 30 September Retrieved 22 December Archived from the original on September 16, Archived from the original on The New York Times. Martin's Griffin; Reprint edition,p Retrieved 28 October Lists of people by net worth. Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Canada China PRC Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Egypt Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Japan Kazakhstan Kenya South Korea Kuwait Lebanon Malaysia Mexico Monaco Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria Norway Pakistan Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore South Africa Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan ROC Tanzania Thailand Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States Venezuela.

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J.D. (John) Rockefeller: From Oil Baron To Billionaire

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Photograph of Rockefeller circa Rockefeller amassed his fortune from the Standard Oil company, of which he was a founder, chairman and major shareholder. When considering the real value of his wealth, Rockefeller is widely held to have been the wealthiest American, as well as the richest person in modern history.

Photograph of Carnegie circa Morganwho then merged his company into U. Steel was the first billion dollar company in the world. Carnegie's hundreds of millions accounted for about 0. German merchant, mining entrepreneur and banker.

He expanded Fugger family's assets by making their operations European wide. Portrait of Nicholas II by Ernst Friedrich von Liphart.

Emperor of All Russia from to Estimates of the wealth of Nicholas II remain wildly speculative. As emperor, and an autocrat, the resources under Nicholas II's command were virtually incalculable. However, the vast majority of this was officially owned by the State as Crown property. From this, supplemented by an annuity from the Treasury, he derived an annual income of 24 million roublesfrom which he had to fund staff, the upkeep of imperial palaces and imperial theatres, annuities for the royal family, pensions, bequests, and other outgoings.

Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII. Painting of Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII. The last Nizam of Hyderabad State in British India. Regarded as the wealthiest person in the world during his lifetime, his portrait was on the cover of Time magazine in Photograph of Gaddafi circa Autocrat of Libya during — Photograph of Ford circa Henry Ford was an American automotive engineer, entrepreneur, and founder of the Ford Motor Company. Through his designing of the Model T Ford and employing the assembly line means of rapid production, he was able to lower the base price of his product in order to reach a wider market.

As production increased, Ford further reduced prices and increased salaries to reduce worker turnover. This resulted in a rapid increase in output, with Ford production rising from roughly 18, cars in to over 1 million cars in Despite Ford stating that his focus was increasing Ford Motor Company's benefit to society and to its employees, even at one point being sued by the Dodge brothers based on this premise, his company was massively profitable.

Portrait of William Henry Vanderbilt. Inherited much of his wealth from his father, Cornelius Vanderbilt[33] who initiated the Vanderbilt family 's involvement in railroad and shipping business. American businessman, merchant, opium smuggler, fur trader, and investor.

Photograph of Cornelius Vanderbilt. Portrait of Girard by JR Lambdin circa Before becoming a banker, he was a merchant and owned a fleet of trading ships.

Just How Rich Was John D. Rockefeller?

Musa I depicted in the Catalan Atlas. Portrait of William I of England William the Conquerer. The estimate " billion" is based on the spoils of war William made in the conquest of Englandapart from his subsequent position as monarch. Byzantine emperor from to Depiction of Alan Rufus.

Alan Rufus, 1st Lord of Richmond, was a relative and companion of William the Conqueror Duke William II of Normandy during the Norman Conquest of England. By he had become one of the richest and most powerful men of England. William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel. Crassus inherited a fortune of 7 million sesterces after the death of his father in 87 BC.

After several years of exile, Crassus was able to rebuild his family fortune by seizing the property of executed convicts for himself. Crassus was known in Rome as Divesmeaning "The Rich". It is believed that Crassus expanded his personal fortune to million sesterces, while Pliny the Elder surmised his fortune to be valued even higher, at million sesterces. This would place Crassus's net worth equal to the total annual budget of the Roman treasury.

The name of Croesus, a historical king of Lydiawas proverbial for wealth already in antiquity; this is probably due to his being the first ruler to issue true gold coins with a standardised purity for general circulation and not necessarily for his personal wealth.